Pressure injuries affect millions of people worldwide, yet many families remain unaware of simple prevention strategies that can make all the difference. These painful wounds develop when sustained pressure restricts blood flow to the skin and underlying tissues, creating serious health complications that extend far beyond surface-level concerns.
You can take proactive steps to protect yourself and your loved ones’ well-being. This guide outlines four steps for preventing pressure injuries.
Understanding Pressure Injuries and Risk Factors
Pressure injuries, previously known as pressure sores or bed sores, occur when prolonged pressure cuts off the blood supply to the skin and tissue. The National Pressure Injury Advisory Panel defines these wounds as localized damage to skin and underlying soft tissue, typically occurring over bony prominences or related to medical devices.
Several factors increase your risk of developing pressure injuries.
- Advanced age reduces skin elasticity and healing capacity, while limited mobility prevents natural pressure redistribution.
- Medical conditions such as diabetes, vascular disease, and spinal cord injuries further elevate risk levels.
- Nutritional deficiencies, particularly inadequate protein intake, compromise skin integrity and healing processes.
So what can you do to reduce the chances of these injuries?
Step 1: Maintain Proper Nutrition for Skin Health
Adequate nutrition forms the foundation of pressure injury prevention. Your skin requires specific nutrients to maintain strength, elasticity, and healing capacity.
Focus on consuming high-quality protein sources such as lean meats, fish, eggs, legumes, and dairy products. The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics recommends 1.2-1.5 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight for adults at risk of pressure injuries. Additionally, Vitamin C supports collagen production and wound healing—incorporate citrus fruits, berries, and leafy greens into your daily meals.
A healthy diet always plays a critical role in maintaining a healthy body.
Step 2: Implement Regular Position Changes
Frequent position changes represent the most effective strategy for preventing pressure injuries.
Create a repositioning schedule that alternates between different positions throughout the day to ensure optimal comfort and support. When lying down, rotate between your back, left side, and right side. Avoid lying directly on your hip bone—instead, position yourself at a 30-degree angle. Use pillows to support your body and maintain proper alignment.
Wheelchair users should perform pressure relief exercises every 15-30 minutes. Lean forward, lift yourself using armrests, or shift your weight from side to side if possible. These brief movements restore blood flow to pressure points.
Step 3: Choose Appropriate Support Surfaces
Specialized support surfaces distribute pressure more evenly across your body, reducing the risk of tissue damage. The type of surface you choose should depend on your mobility level and risk factors.
Make sure that you have the right pressure relief mattress. You shouldn’t just use your old mattress from years ago. Memory foam mattresses and cushions conform to your body shape, reducing pressure concentration on bony prominences.
Step 4: Maintain Optimal Skin Care Practices
When it comes to your skincare, pay special attention to areas prone to pressure, including heels, tailbone, hips, and shoulder blades. There are various ways to holistically reduce skin inflammation—incorporate them into your routine. Inspect your skin daily for early warning signs of pressure injury development.
Look for persistent redness, warmth, swelling, or changes in skin texture. Address these symptoms immediately by relieving pressure and consulting healthcare professionals if needed.
Taking Action for Long-Term Skin Health
Start implementing these strategies today, beginning with the areas that feel most manageable for your current situation. Remember that small, consistent actions compound over time to create significant health benefits. Your skin will thank you for the proactive care you provide.
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